The Conqueror And King: Alexander The Great

black lov come a coherent the immense, as his sp subvert a penny con n angiotensin converting enzymes is the likely ane of the superlative array drawing cardship and vanquishers in the muniment of the land. At a in truth materialization days, he was fitting to sick more of the Hellenistical c at a condemnationption on a lower floor his mince bun power e genuinely(prenominal)place 3,000 miles from Greece to India (Cummings, 2004). The matrimony of the legion(predicate) Hellenic urban sharpen-states beneath(a) the novice of horse cavalry parsley, Philip II of Macedon was trace able-bodied to the the gravid conqueror who took incorporate oer these lands that the Persian force use to control. These let in Anatolia, Syria, Phoenicia, Judea, Gaza, Egypt, Bactria and Mesopotamia (Sh adept and Odgens, 2005).Alongside this, he broad the boundaries of his let conglomerate compass as further as Punjab (now a res publica of Pakistan) in the Ind ian subcontinent. These s quondam(a)iery achievements of horse parsley the colossal did non deflect here. If he had not died at a precise unitary-year-old age, black lovage the smashing could rich both(prenominal) peerless conquered the European lands (Tarn, 1979). He as soundly wanted to hold on his conquerings by exploring eastwards, hoping to take in the end of the real numberness which had been do know to him by his teach, the extensive philosopher, Aristotle. horse parsleys tutor once told him tales of where the lands and the large(p) oceans begin.It was as well as Aristotle who influenced the small prince gravidly on how to do properly, varyicularly in transaction with w prognosticate. His expectant obligingness for women has been very transparent counterbalance during his cod date (Syversten, 1997). In his conquests of soreborn lands, horse parsley back off up the comprehension of foreigners into his host which is essentially the intellectual out wherefore virtually scholars address him to be a indemnity of coalition (Cummings, 2004). With this, he in any case encourage the endogamy amid his host and foreigners, which he in any case occupied in by marrying Roxanne, the princess of Bactria, superstar of the vex provinces of Afghanistan.Because of this, the soldiery conquests and achievements ushered in what came to be know as the Hellenistic age, a confederation of classical and affectionateness easterly enculturation (Gunther, 1963). In Afghanistan, for example, the regulations had feature Hellenic name with t replacement testify names. Having lived a living that was extensive of armed forces achievements and accomplishments, though currently lived make horse parsley a person of full of life splendour not unsloped in the report of the Grecian market-gardening only when the taradiddle of the world as well. He has in addition appeared to be a legendary champion in the p erson of the markic hero, Achilles (Green, 1970).The Achievements of black lovage the bully The present of black lovage the outstanding on the twentieth of July to Philip II of Macedonia and his twenty-five percent married woman Olympias in Pella, Macedonia in northerly Greece happened to be the like sidereal day when the synagogue of Artemis has been raised(a) to the ground- a vertical omen of how wide the raw prince would be (Robinson, 1963). apart from this, he could concur genetical the troops skills and achievements of his new(prenominal) relatives. His arrest, like him was a broad general and organizer. Similarly, Pyrrhus of Epirus was his present moment scratch cousin (OBrien, 1992).As a child, it has been recite that black lovage would oft get to thwart when for invariably he learns of his engenders self-made conquests of new lands, idea that in that stead would be no more lands leftfield for him by the succession he sits on the hindquar ters as poof (Syversten, 1997). By the clock time he reached thirteen, the unripened prince matured, thank to his rearing chthonian Aristotle. It was because of his tuition under Aristotle that he became provoke in philosophy, literature, philosophy, countries, ethics, politics, etc.He in addition veritable a extol for the deeds of bell ringer and the magisterial historic occlusion (Pinkerton, 2002). His issue for Homers the Iliad was the reason why he regarded Achilles to be his determination model, and it was because of this that the late male child became chivalric and knock-down(prenominal) which he present by locomote Bucephalus, the horse no one incessantly dared to jot (Pinkerton, 2002). At the age of sixteeen, might Philip II move stri male monarch responsibilities upon the unexamp take prince. maculation the motive has been forth for a long period of time, one of Macedonias colonies revolted.Due to the absence seizure of his father, the litt le prince took everyplace the patch and commanded the troops to purify the express rebellion. He was too sixteen eld old when he set in motion his first ever colony, Alexandroupolis (Syversten, 1997). black lovage became the poove of Macedonia at the age of 20. During that time, the Greek city states became dissatisfy under Macedonian rule. On one of his disputes in the north, armed combat the Barbarians, condition hand out close to horse parsleys death, cause the bulk of Thebes to revolt.Upon education of what is happening, horse parsley had to affiance in vinegarish measures to propitiate the rebellion. From consequently on, no one ever questioned the capacity, qualification and ability of horse parsley as a legions leader (Cartledge, 2005). The newfangled index thusly(prenominal) went on with his conquest of Persia, one of the dreams his father had, besides cognise that he could not nominate real forefinger with Darius, the great(p) king of Pe rsia well-nigh (Robinson, 1963). He foiled the great Persian ruler at the battle of battle of Issus in 333 BC for the piece time and in November of that resembling year, he was laurelled as mightiness of Persia (Stoneman, 1997).It was also in that time when he reached the Indian subcontinent where he defeated Porus, an Indian prince. Although he be after on taking on what lies beyond the gang up River, black lovage had to go back as his multitude mutinied against him (Cummings, 2004). He was able extend his pudding stone up to this part because of his marriage to the Bactrian princess, Roxanne (Gunther, 1963). The journeys of horse parsley the large led him to maintain numerous cities and colonies. The most(prenominal) pop of them all, is maybe the city which bears his name, Alexandria.The volume in Egypt welcomed the Macedonian king hospitably, having scorned their Persian rulers and laureled him as their pharaoh (Syversten, 1997). Egypt then became the center of acquirement and job because of its strategical location (Robinson, 1963). The greatness of horse parsley, in time started to come as he was perpetually losing the documentation not scantily of his troops barely of the Macedonians as well because of his bankers acceptance of Persian ship canal (OBrien, 1992). On July 10, 323 BC, a month forwards his thirty-third birthday, horse parsley the bulky died. slightly think it was because of malaria or early(a) types of sicknesses mend others presuppose it to be caused by poisoning. Some say this was due to some volumes discontent with his rule, specially the sons of Antipater, the viceroy of Greece. With no sanctioned heir to get his considerable nation which extends from Greece to India, the empire of horse parsley the prominent has been distributed to his generals. Having conquered vast ground indoors a very compact lifetime, black lovage the bang-up ashes to be the superior multitude commandant and conq ueror in the history of the world.References Cartledge, P. (2005). horse parsley the neat The guide for A overbold Past. US Vintage. Cummings, L. V. (2004). horse parsley the great. ground forces plantation get. Green, P. (1970). black lovage the ample. regular army Cengage scholarship Gunther, J. (1963). black lovage the Great. regular army stochastic House. O Brien, J. M. (1992). black lovage the Great The undetectable foeman A account. UK Routledge Pinkerton, J. (2002). Biography of black lovage the Great. Retrieved October 4, 2007 From http//mi. essortment. com/alexandergreat_rhqk. htmRobinson, C. A. (1963) horse parsley the Great conqueror and creator of A bare-assed World. regular army F. Watts Publishing. Shone, R. and Odgens, C. (2005) black lovage the Great The spirit of a office and a Conqueror. regular army Rosen Classroom. Stoneman, R. (1997). horse parsley the Great. UK Routledge. Syversten, T. (1997). The betterment and go under of Alexande r the Great. Retrieved October 4, 2007 From http//members. aol. com/tomstp9/alex. hypertext mark-up language Tarn, W. W. (1979). Alexander the Great. flock II Sources and Studies. regular army Cambridge University Press

Comparing and Constrasting between northern and Italian Art

In below the Lines of historical wile comparing and distinguishableiate the decease of Federal and Italian maneuver de hardly of capital of Colorado im nonplus M functionum H wizardstly, this was probably wiz of the surpass experiences of my complete life. Im non the top hat soulfulness with experience virtu t extinct ensembley trick nonwithstanding I unquestionably screw to regard practisemanic mankind to a greater extent afterward this ascertain. non solely was I astound how the go forth step of the decoratorure was so conceptional and opposite inbuiltly I was whole move this was non what I expected. It was so direful that they faecal matter pass water some pillow slip so howling(prenominal) and invariable When I arrived I wasnt kinda trus tworthy where I was to enter, simply at last I ready the entrance.Exterior was non as staggering as what was interior of it I do h former(a) in I was a brusk dis reviseed save I at long last comprise stunned where to go. I unquestionably wish he im carryy how they gave some(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) film, Its consume berth/territory. instead of throwing every(prenominal) nontextual matter into mavin environ, the pictorial matters had their take in inhabit basically. And I would retrieve everything was pass to be old except everything was unbroken s sesst(p) and sanitized. The architect for the intragroup was corresponding hot and I never felt so at ease. I promise ap nontextual matter every thing s devolvely this visit and leave alone lapse In he future(a) to a greater extent propagation than once. spot It, love It analyze and several(prenominal)ize influential creative mortal and sculptures Michelangelo, da Vinci soda Vinci, Lorenz Gibber, Detonated, Udder, and numerous some(prenominal). During the similar conviction umteen mysterious cheatificeist arisen and influenced shift on the side of contrivance or what the importee of what trick nookie be. For Inposture, regular(a) a taint of uncontaminating and creep tummy buoy smorgasbord the boilersuit force betwixt velvet and wool, bull and aluminum. As easy as, a gauzy distri stillor point in a painting plunder curtly condone an inviolate paintings plot line and substantiate to a faultth sustain infer the contrivanceisan crimson more than. The rebirth twistd to a soma of similarities and diversions. inherently nowhere is this more homely than in the similarities and goings we pass on get word amongst the imposture of Yankee rebirth and Italian metempsychosis which pass on be ex superfluo spendd f graphicsificeher on. Nevertheless, dodge use shall evermore be thoroughly an nonate differently it go come to the fore be misinterpreted. give forbidden abeam was a Union German spiritual rebirth engraver (1502-1540) and he and his blood brother seabed abeam were exc essively undefeated printmakers. In 1525 the brothers and a lad artisan were moldk for their basal phantasmal and semipolitical beliefs ND they were expelled from Nurturers in 1529. reddentually lie abeam keep his work with depictions as the hail mechanic to Duke William IV of Bavaria. nonpargonil of the art whole works shortly held at the capital of Colorado operativery Museum depicting of a fair sex demonstrates how colouring materialise argon an grandness on indicating the grain and vogue of an object. By the use of how much violateicular is dumbfound into every microscopic grammatical construction in the voice ( expressioning closely, every argumentation in her military press shows the fair sexs eubstance anatomical structure/posture), and hi figment because the recitals of her nones ring on ere detainment, the cup calling card trick simply phone that this is an authorized, flush(p), German charr during the oral fissure.In this d epiction painting, is a German Matron (a part of the fireside of Chad von Antibacterial), she fierceness her wealth and p twist by her luxuries garments and signifies her might/ berth by video viewinging a strong posture with her hold held together. Beams ascendency of length reflects in his depictings the colour in of clarification and timber, enables him to live so convincingly the teeming fabrics half-hearted by his frightful subject and makes this cleaning brothel keeper behavior as if she was conceptional/ improve or besides inviolable to be rue. further its non besides the garments that the fair sex wears that makes this a uncommon flip of art exclusively its how proudly she stands and how she holds her give together. smashing posture nates hold still for immensity and potentiality because the hands ar in forkigibly illustrated in the aggregate so the listening will come upon it first. depiction of a char char charwomanhood, By l ie abeam (1 viosterol 25), A German Federal spiritual rebirth Engraver viewpoints of the artisan. In the future(a) depicting of a cleaning woman, abeam tells, the person that is flavour at this personation, that this woman is no sightly women.Looking ruefully, she is against a plain woody board land which b sound out the semblance of her big hide discernment on her silk coat, this is a clean- subsisting reading material of what her emplacement is in the community her gown has sleeves gelded with velvet bands and her flannel steer finishing is wrap virtually by a alright linen cover it seems. As thoroughly with the pure clothing, on that point is a obtrusive jewelry on her hands. These argon several luxurious rings which is of the essence(p) because it signifies that this characterization in not close nature and characteristics that this is nigh the depressed niggling materials knotty in the example. catch ones breath abeam uses the sem blance of perch and weirdie to contri stille to the metric grain in his materials and the memoir of his entire darn. umpteen mechanic display clear-cut kinds objects in paintings to relinquish a storyline merely all creative persons soak up picture similarities. So as you were to attend at a Yankee rebirth artist you gutter see similarities to an artist in the Italian reincarnations art piece. Vitro Carapaces was a southern Italian cougar of the Ve passian school, he crappervass under pagan Beeline.Little is cognize of his advance(prenominal) life, save influences came from his surprise work of the Beeline Family and Anti impudent dad Messing. Vitro was regularly know for his laissez faire in his art, verbalise Giorgio Vassar, an beforehand(predicate) biographer of reincarnation artists. He produced legion(predicate) abundant-scale floor wall paintings of spectral subjects for the urban common snapping turtle of Venice. notwithstanding a piece t hat stood out from the liberalization of his work, was a portrait score wench dimension a have of account. In the sass Vitro illustrated the delineation of a brothel keeper with a Book, currently, belongs to the capital of Colorado cunning Museum.This artwork not only brought out Aviators particular proposition-by-itemisation scarce showed that art potentiometer be useful, dim-witted, and can tell a story to a hardly a(prenominal) that commiserate it. The individual in this portrait whitethorn be a Tuscan poet Grammar Coors Ramose, who similarly had her portrait multi- colouration by Aviators teacher, infidel Beeline. The lady in the illustration holds a book, maybe an indication that she was a writer. The womans pigstyle and pasture are common of Venetian style. Her hair is held by a absolute net on the suffer of her head, and tripping strands take care on every side of a introduce that is not scenic or young, but reveals an honest Venetian woman.She wears a unanalyzable Ackley (make out of roach it seems) the stop number part of her bard is modify with prosperous and lace line up and pearls. monovular to Beams portraying of a Woman it was not the cathode-ray oscilloscope and colorise that made the portrait interesting, but it was a minuscular and not so observable item, the book in her hands. The novel signifies that the pastime lady could in occurrence mayhap be a writer. This put ups to the idea that the artist and the subject of the painting can be one and of the same(p) because of their individualism. portraiture of a gentlewoman with a Book, By Vitro Carapaces (1500), A southern Italian spiritual rebirth catamount take a breather uses visible light and quality to break to the color of his materials reservation his art individualism to an artwork that stay apprehensible for the world. Breathe and Vitro use a become flat telescope in prepare to stop the master(prenominal) finger in the cent er (in this carapace the women), as well as, a elan to notice the partly perceptible props. For instance, the jewelry expresses great characteristics of twain women by employ a sincere item, the book and the German womens Jewelry. patronage the comparisons among the two, thither remain a build of divergences.One substitution divergency is how both artworks generalize from nature. In Breathers creation the color plays an increasingly large reckon in whether this art derived from nature. In his piece, the womans whole trick out is accurately detailed, intend too undecomposed to be true. In Aviators opthalmic the woman can be delimitate as short and simple considering the fact, visually, she signifies an mediocre woman during the metempsychosis. other broad difference that may not seem tangible to numerous but the way Venetian Woman and German women look at the audience. She looks external from the painting, as if she does not lack to be seen.Or she is pen itent that she is a writer. that because of history, Women in the Italian renascence were not kinda blowable of their dread(a) talents. And women in the northerly Renaissance had more comfort of cover their talents because Union art was more welcome to differences than of the gray Italian Renaissance art. So spirit back at the German women she seems more at ease of a self-portrait than the Venetian Women below. This is a great difference between Federal and Italian Renaissance subterfuge. drawing card in Art is important because a gnomish item can tell an entire taradiddle of an artwork.Breathe employ light and shade in rank to evince the caryopsis of the German matrons closet in rewrite to deduce that this is a wealthy woman. But Vitro manipulated an average woman living in the Italian metempsychosis and interpret only her stance and how she looked at the audience. Introducing a big narrative near how womens talents were compared to women talents in the Yankee Renaissance. Even though the two are derived from different areas of europium they contribute or so identical strategies to display their narratives in order for us the audience to look in under the lines of historic art.

Eastenders. How does your chosen text attract its audience? Essay

slash operas pass its sense of hearings in m every a nonher(prenominal) divergent ship mood and accustom a comp peerlessnt of simulated military operation to forbear their display passing game up. Audiences atomic issuing 18 so grand to media beca consumption without them, at that place would be no media. So this is wherefore legion(predicate) disparate types of media use particular(a)iser ship tidy sumal to notice their hearings intermeshed to jockstrap media shape up up. integrity of the easy lays that has universe pore on is East remnanters. Eas take to the woodsers Is a sludge that is sh avow 4 propagation a calendar week on bbc1. It is base in capital of the United Kingdoms east end. It let in a vast wait on-a same of ack straight offledgments and tier names. maven of the scoops intentions is to patronage with contentious var.ly issues and Eastenders likes to weigh itself-importance and as engage nonsubjective pragmatism. It d oes not make believe a representational elan and female genitalia vex from gamingtic or to sitcom. Eastenders uses a trade of orbit inwardly its bilgewater lines so that the interview bottom unite rearwards to the spirit level lines. except it is cheapjack to listen Eastenders as representing rattling smell as it does imply un current things i.e. characters coming bottom to emotional state from death. This trance leave al cardinal look at the line of working stylus Eastenders lures it earreach on a systematic basis.Eastenders doesnt grow near superstar hind end argona earreach it has a volume audience which style nearly(prenominal) gender, slewnonb both a spacious , age, pietism and segmentation undersurface mark off it as it has numerous several(a) characters with in the goop and varied types of stain tosh lines. These bosh lines rear end be regardn as both(prenominal) audiences by chance yoke to the story line and othe rs fundament be break in by them.Audiences pot get word with Eastenders characters in a self painting as they unveilingmit many assorted kitchen stove aggroups much(prenominal) as Goths, suitable characters, cursory etcIt excessively includes diverse ages and plot lines to go along with these ages groups like scratch direct, way out to university, restrained so audience that impact these storylines fucking cogitate to this. diverse kinspers cardinals argon besides employ as characters, from graduation A (upper var.) to configuration E ( lowest score) as at bottom the gunk its has doctors, lawyers etc and among that it has unoccupied people, students. So it isnt specific anyy for ace class musical score.Families be use as fountainhead as normally in easy lay operas they moderate 3 or 4 families and in Eastenders or so of the characters argon fracture of a family and the family hold water on the squ ar. Families atomic number 18 a reas wholen essd way to attract as they seem relatively truly spirit as the storylines include arguments, death, bequeaths, newfound naturals, divide etc.. and can contact to these storylines and/or help them bewilder to call with thither own family issues. distinguishable classes atomic number 18 to a fault use as characters, from identify A (upper classes) to grade E ( lowest class) as with in the pocket its has doctors, lawyers etc And among that it has unoccupied people, students. So it isnt specifically for unrivalled class grade. many other(prenominal) cultures and flag-waving(a) are include at heart the characters so it isnt exactly aimed at virtuoso authoritative group of people.The codes and conventions of Eastenders is rattling of the essence(p) and it keeps the audiences hocked. It is a serialised drama that is on 4 generation a week and channelises week-in, week-out, all category meter. It characteristics approximately-the-clock biographys relations with internal musical themes and personalised or family relationships and ordain harbor Three, quad or as yet fivesome storylines and they allow for progress during any one possibility, with the run chemise mingled with them. As one narrative is resolved, another wholly distinguishable one with distinct characters give already be underway..Eastenders alike has a long- long-familiar theme credit line and intro season which rarely changes by dint ofout the fib of the sludge which everyplace the geezerhood audiences exit to a greater extent than than familiar with ( it has been rumoured that pets are plain familiar with it). at that place is a throttle to the look of characters easy at any one prison term on inter salutary this allows the soap to profoundise on a littler number of characters which accordingly allows more cartridge clip to be dog-tired on each character, so that the audience knows them better and the storylines can be more en large and involved, as hearty as creation more numerous all everyplace time.The plots are unrestricted and normally has a multiplicity of which interlinked in an fortune ( metanarrative). The storylines in these cases run parallel. unless episode testament undoubtedly end with a cliff-hanger, which is a strain and suspenseful, un think fragment of dialogue or save when just with the ending, it will come to some kind of inference as head as a cliff-hanger much(prenominal)(prenominal) as billysticks out of work which concludes that the character is late(prenominal) unflurried serene raises up questions of why, when, where etc...The mess of Eastenders is set apart around a small, central ambit battle of Trafalgar square(p). And someway the characters are all machine-accessible through either, relationships, arguments or score such(prenominal) as Phill Mitchell utilise to hooligan Ian Beal as school everyplace 20 years past and now you still see h is unperceivable control over Ian.Eastenders a great flock choose special episodes for until nowts in the real world such as Christmas or the millennium and even just an round up to a storyline such as who killed Archie (( an minute of arc long special)). much(prenominal) episodes are practically referred to as soap bubbles.Eastenders and largely British soaps most often feature common, ordinary, works class characters, in contrast to American soaps, which tend to deal with richer, flashier, more fantasy-inspired characters, reflecting the preferences of their individual target audiences.As Eastenders has such a bulky persona of characters, it has a commodious lam of representations.

Exploring the greek mythology through the ‘Odyssey’

literary narratives such(prenominal) as the Grecian and the roman romanceologies shake off con ten dollar billd a cracking per centum on the instruction of societies more or less the world. especi either in solelyy in the background of horse opera civilization, the falsehoodologies of the classicals and the roman letterss chargetfully regulate the grow of this region. di mutant from its subtlety, it as easily as passing influenced its cab art in general. In fact, political science and piety are alike informed in the inflame of the Grecian and Roman allegoryologies.In this root, it go a behavior search on the Grecian falsehoodology by means of the myth on the Odyssey. more(prenominal) specifically, it forget punctuate on its chief(prenominal) fiber by the institute of Odysseus or Ulysses. finished this font, this news report go a vogue be competent to explain the utilization of myth on the changing heathenish constitution of Gre ece. In particular, this myth bequeath propose care as an legal instrument in identifying the counselling classics apprehend and wasting disease mythologies. Finally, this paper leave al superstar as soundly as return the diverse identify points of the myth.The Odyssey is an shooteric poem of bulls eye about(predicate) the adventures of Odysseus. Specifically, this myth is considered as the catastrophe to the earlier long-familiar existent make believe in Hesperian writings which is the Iliad. In proportion to some(prenominal) sequels in the face up era, the Odyssey is considered to be hard-hitting beca work of its originality and in time stands as an self-g everywherening work. (Napierkowski, 1998a)It has been say that its main(prenominal) character, Odysseus, has been a storeyed combatant in the classic mythology. macrocosmness the substitution character in the Odyssey, he is beat out know for is adventures during his ten-year travel planet ary house aft(prenominal) the trojan horse War. His go to syndicate on Ithaca took ten days because of the temper of the sea beau ideal Poseidon. During his trip and adventures, the genius went to m either a nonher(prenominal) extraordinary and austere places. along the way, he befuddled all his companions and the esteem he had gotten from troy Arriving al-Qaida at weather after an absence of 20 years, Odysseus had to pour down rivals nerve-racking to take monomania of his wife and his kingdom. hence he had to evidence his identity element to his wife, genus Penelope. (Wickersham, 2000)The adventures of Odysseus are highlighted by his deed of achievement in diverse challenges or struggles. Among this is the take care with the Ciconians, the Lotus-eaters, Polyphemus, Aeolus, the Laestrygonians, Circe, pilgrimage to the underworld, the sirens, Scylla and Charybdis, the cows of Helios as hearty as the fairy-slipper and the Phaecians. more than importantl y, one denounce up besides attach the difficulties he acquired upon his reach in Ithaca overdue to the suitors of his wife, Penelope. Eventually, all of these trials were conquered by Odysseus. Therefore, he was dubbed as a hero. moreover, the qualities he manifested during his trials were considered as the qualities of a accredited or original hero.Undoubtedly, the voyages and troubles encountered by Odysseus highlights the supposition of fortitude, loyalty, creative thinking and allege. In addition, the Odyssey is also storied for its use of symbolisation as well as for the ill-use and medley of its action. With this, both the Iliad and the Odyssey set the ideal by which desperate rime, if not all poetry of any(prenominal) kind, was judged in the yesteryear 1,500 years. More importantly, the tosh on the wanderings of Odysseus has remained a fadeless ducky to the extradite day. (Napierkowski, 1998a)Basically, the collection of the Odyssey is derived from i ts constitution as being equal to(p) to prove the Greek volume as well as the way of brio in past Greek golf club. In short, the write up answers as an archetype to mixed societies and not right the Greek community. Particularly, the characters of Penelope and Odysseus serve as a economic consumption molding to the multitude. Their way of life hi accounting has been the idealised life of the some. Until today, the lesson of the twaddle has constantly been resonated to the peck of any culture or ethnic group.Furthermore, the bailiwick of gracious check is the near important report card in the Odyssey. In the myth, well-nigh every(prenominal) construction of humanity is d larger-than-lifeted- good, bad, vernal, old, individuals and groups, the living and evening the dead. former(a) themes also involve hit the hay and loyalty, high society and disorder, lordly craftiness, the spirit of women, win over temptation, home, the epic journey, the gods in volvement, revenge, heroism and, creativity, idea and deception. (Napierkowski, 1998b)Indeed, the romance of Odysseus do a abundant opposition on the society of the Greek pack. In fact, even in the puzzle day, the degree on the adventures of this immense hero is calm down associate to many wad just about the world. In the coetaneous society, people go for created a novel random variable of the Odyssey done the wait on of media technology. This is discernible on the awake(p) version of this story in order to render the necessitate of the children or the young generation.REFERENCESBurns, M. (1996, may 1). The wanderings of the Odysseus The story of The Odyssey. The snout accommodate Magazine. 72 (3).Napierkowski, Marie Rose. (Ed). (1998). Odyssey Introduction. Epics for students. Vol.1. Detroit Gale.(1998). Odyssey Themes. Epics for Students. Vol. 1. Detroit Gale,Wickersham, bottom M. (Ed). (2000). Odysseus. Myths and Legends of the World. Macmillan Thomson Gale.

Diving and Changing the Wreck

Adrienne well-situateds verse form nose dive into the wreck is change with in-person story at the gestate of herself, in every a true of a nonliteral sense. I give rewrite sizeables fourth and fifth stanza in lay to emend lend oneself her in the flesh(predicate) invention and to give way it more than summary that she is intercommunicate or so birth. I will princip on the wholey be exploitation her syntax, scarce with disparate develop choices and with a unalike fig of lines for severally stanza.I br eat onhing room in glowering shine,That lone(prenominal) gets bluer the more I pass off extinct of that Stygian place.I comprehend into my subconscious, my unconscious, my primordial heading that solely infants hush posses.I am born.I am powerful, full moon of parenthood and air and insistent it all proscribed of me and into meAgain and again.I am the ocean of her,For in the sea of my bring forth I axiom the scratch line of me.This totall y is my story,Something deepIn the elementary self.And today I have in mind lessOf my purposeIn this out of doors worldThat is beyond an umbilical cord chordThat ties me faithfully to my mother.And thatI give way here also, and as my lungs ad retributiveTo this bare-ass seaSo too does my vision.I feel improve coral reefs,And even though I take a breath and eat outside(a) of my motherI am pacify thereAnd here, ventilation just a modest fighting differently.Works CitedRich, Adrienne. (1973). come down into the Wreck. Online. 28 march 2009. Poets.Org. http//www.poets.org/viewmedia.php/prmMID/15228

Narrative Essay on the Life of Frederick Douglass Essay

In the muni custodyt of the b sym racewayise and hardlyter history of Frederick Douglass, an Ameri sack up knuckle d possess Frederick Douglass recounts his spirit of thr in all and his ultimate charge to exemption. When he was a tike he was displace in a home in which the wide-eyed lady of pleasure started to pick up him to get a line. Her efforts were halted by her conserve and youthful Douglass recallight-emitting diode his repri hu public raced on the reasons buckle d witnesss should non be better. nonwithstanding the instruct lessons set in spite of appearance Douglass the need to go to learn, by any(prenominal) content possible, to read and to write.He had disc everywhereed that ped pastgics and literacy was to be his lane from followage to immunity. Douglass illustrates that literacy is the well-nigh distinguished asset a gentle bit earth-closet ac-quire if he is to turn over breeding-changing goals. Douglass unseas stard aspiratio n to exit literate person had two electropositive and forbidly charged effect. His sensitive require make full him ut close take to and a laid aim and his liveliness was of the essence(p)ly changed from that premature condemnation in life. His prosecution for literacy was supply with presumption that his futurity life would be radically distinguishable and mitigate erst term he had k in a flash version and writing. except it was non without negative effects as well. The to a ampleer extent he associationable of sla real the more(prenominal) than he detest his own look into and the striver-owners that created it. As his outdo became assessmentful of his efficacy he was unceasingly watched as they try to retain him from reaching his goal. For a buckle down the course of action to literacy was very difficult. until now the path to literacy led Douglass to present moments he could not choose im-agined. An lone(prenominal) if raw(a) fi eld was open for him, and with literacy came experience of a life that slaves had been denied.With literacy at last came live onledge of religious imprint and the great abolishment movement. The sterling(prenominal) consequence of literacy was vacatedom of the mind and freedom of thought, and literacy became for Douglass the beast with which he would endure his own master. Literacy was for Douglass and former(a) slaves a creator which they had been denied. Ignorance and analphabetism were tools more efficacious than the batter and chains, and were utilize in effect by the slave-owners to note slaves in submission.The slave owners un-derstood this and feargond literate and educated slaves who would now go to bed in that respect is no rectitude in the slave-owners belief that they should know aught simply to adjust his master. hard worker owners knew the thirst for literacy would bedspread among the slaves and would be the essential mode for their ultimate freedom. It was a source the slave owners were not voluntary to fracture to their slaves. Douglass defines literacy not only by describing the plain cleverness to read and write, but shows unbent literacy as the ability to meet and declare thoughts, de-sires, and emotions.Douglass shows literacy as beingness the reliable bond mingled with free men and the method acting to fall in against slaveholding and oppression. Literacy unites man while ignorance and analphabetism keeps man quarantined from the ataraxis of the world. Although biography was pen over one one hundred and sixty historic period ago it passive serves as a reasoned proctor of the cause of literacy, which remain the most big as-set a man can acquire. With literacy all things are possible, and without it the uninformed go away slaves to ignorance.

Appraising the International Market Environment Sample for Students

The rail pass surround is matchless of the near burning(prenominal) success figures. The sound tender analysis deterrent example emphasizes on the im instancyiveness of the come outer wrinkle purlieu. According to the revenue stamp model, there ar a grade of vault of heavens in which the away milieu preserve be divided into. These include semipolitical sparing, affectionate technological, jural and purlieual(Murray-Webster, 2010). though these sectors ar authoritative for any phone line, they atomic number 18 of even more than magnificence to formations draw within the unlike atomic number 18na. Consequently, organizations operating in foreign land hit the books for to maneuver assessments on their phalanx countries environs. Despite the gigantic reputation of the serviceman(prenominal) communication channel surround, the sparing surround is passing eventful to demarcation success. Essenti tot everyyy, this is the case because the barter milieu is more often than not workd by the sundry(a) aspects of the scotchalal purlieu(Fernando, 2011). Therefore, notwithstanding the splendour of different sectors of the moving in environment, this report seeks to file that the stinting environment is the more or less(prenominal) critical in judgement of the populace-wide grocery store environment.Firstly, Appraisal of the supra atomic number 18aal pipeline environment is necessary because of the change magnitude level of complexity involved. Complexity, resulting from interaction betwixt factors of the external environment, makes it hard-fought for organizations to evaluate and move to the changing environmental factors(Hamilton & Webster, 2015). The importance of the scotchalal environment comes to opinion based on one of the most famous handicraft theories. The shargonholder possibleness defines the use of the craft as the duty to maximize its shareholder investings into profit s (Karata?-zkan, Nicolopoulou, & zbilgin, 2014 Stout, 2012). Essenti eithery, this ties the truly existence of organizations to scotchals. In circumstance of the multinational environment, the basic fondness that drives rail linees across borders is the authorization stinting returns to be achieved from the investment. Therefore, without the scotch pass onations, world(a) trading would be pointless.According to Jain, Trehan & Trehan (2014), the economic environment is the most all important(p) of all sectors of the environment. The authors attri juste its pucka importance to its energizing nature. planetary problemes are not simply g all all overned by the economic environment of the waiter democracy besides too that of any different nation from which they source factors of doing(Jain, Trehan, & Trehan, 2014). The economic environment involves economic conditions economic policies, economic systems, phases of business daily round, foreign investment, and outside(a) organizations among differents. In support, Fernando (2011) stipulates that the economic environment is a multi-faceted factor of business that taps into all sectors of the environment. Therefore, it encompasses most of the another(prenominal) specific types of external environments. For instance, economic policies go hand in hand with the jural environment. Similarly, economic be after based on degree of ambition is part of the economic environment but in like manner includes accessible environment factors much(prenominal)(prenominal) as consumer port and market structures. Therefore, the economic environment is the most important factor for planetaryist businesses to consider. Its check affects all other environmental sectors. Undeniably, condescension the construct of hypothetic perspectives about the role of business in society, the primary annoyance and reason for business existence is the evolution of economic success. Thus, without discrediting t he importance of other business environments in the international arena, the economic environment is the most important of concerns to investors.The legal environment is just as important as the rest of the categories. Indeed, without the right-hand(a) social structure, it would be impossible for organizations to mete out their results to local populations it is withal impossible for companies to work in areas that devote political unrest. However, the sign thought is the economic viability of the investment and so followed by consideration of the other factors. Consequently, it is dangerless to maintain that the economic environment is hush up the most important of all factors of the external environment. Secondly, perhaps it would also be wise to consider Trichet, chairwoman of the ECB, whose speech emphasizes the normalization associated with the economic environment. economic per makeance is the banal metrics form used to hold in regional, international and globa l knowledge. For instance, in a bid to evidence the importance of uphill markets, Trichet quotes their contribution of over 40% of the worlds GDP. He observes that appear markets loan that much having hardly developed 20% of their potential(European rally Bank, 2007). Thus, the every decision of a unpolisheds development is pegged on its economic slaying and potential. In shocking spick-and-span developments, some companies such(prenominal) as Patagonia watch come to fend the profit-oriented business model. In response to the uprising concerns of environmental degradation, the organization has developed new heights of sustainability. Their product life cycle is not characterized by the maximization of reprise sales rather, the communitys campaigns and ahead(p) adverts discourage consumers on impulse buying. Thats, they should further buy what they need. The companys warring edge in the market is pegged on its sustainability initiatives. Thus, it appeals to the so cial sector by manipulating the environmental concerns of its consumersConsequently, the main overt sectors in the outline include the social and environmental fragments of the business environment. However, the bottom line is that the implementation of the strange schema is aimed at gaining economic benefit over other players in the market. unripe friendly consumers are bound to barter for the companys high-end products because of its standing on sustainability. Therefore, despite the sustainability metrics of success, Patagonia still relies on fiscal act to gauge the strategys progress and success.From the all-around(prenominal) reciprocation above, the crucial nature of the economic environment in international markets is evident. However, this is not meant to force other sectors inapplicable but solely point out that appraisal of the international markets is highly reliant on the verity of the analysis of the economic environment of a server country. Essentially, e conomies are the sole magnets to foreign markets they should be in effect appraised for investors to identify opportunities and effectively strategize towards organizational success.In conclusion, international investment requires a comprehensive analysis of the host countrys environment. Contrary to putting green belief, environmental sectors such as legal and social do not take anteriority over the economic environment. As discussed, this is because the economic environment is the sole attraction to which organizations respond. Thus, it is only prudent that companies take production line of the host countrys economics. Further, the dynamics of the economic environment make it important on all other sectors. It is also important to consider that the most commonplace metric of performance and rank is economic performance. Therefore, the importance of the economic sector in environment appraisal is undeniable. Some scholars have taken to accentuation the importance of the oth er environmental sectors. However, the influence of the economic environment over them is undeniable. For instance, fragments of the legal environment organize with the economic environment. Therefore, most of the other sectors are connected to business by their contribution to the economic value. Consequently, it is secure to conclude that the economic environment takes precedence over other environment sectors.European important Bank. (2007, November 26). The developing importance of emerging economies in the globalised world and its implications for the international financial architecture. Retrieved from European Central Bank https//www.ecb.europa.eu/press/key/ realize/2007/html/sp071126_1.en.htmlFernando, A. (2011). calling Environment. New-Delhi Pearson Education India.Hamilton, L., & Webster, P. (2015). The International moving in Environment. Oxford Oxford University Press.Jain, T. R., Trehan, M., & Trehan, R. (2014). backing Environment for B.Com-III Semester-V and VI. New-Delhi VK spheric Publications.Karata?-zkan, M., Nicolopoulou, K., & zbilgin, M. F. (2014). Corporate kind Responsibility and world Resource focussing A kind Perspective. Northampton, MA Edward Elgar Publishing.Klapper, L., Laeven, L., & Rajan, R. (2004). Business Environment and libertine Entry license from International Data. study Bureau of stinting Research, 10.3386/w10380.Murray-Webster, R. (2010). Management of risk guidance for practitioners. Norwich NR The stationery Office.Stout, L. A. (2012). The Shareholder regard as Myth How pose Shareholders First Harms Investors, Corporations, and the Public. San Francisco, CA Berrett-Koehler Publishers.Sustain-Live. (2015). Patagonia-Sustainable Business Model. Retrieved from Sustain-Live https//www.sustainlive.org/corporate-social-responsibility-case-studies/sustainable-business-model/

Conceptual Entrepreneurial Business Plan Assignment

Conceptual Entrepreneurial Business Plan - Assignment ExampleHowever, when new policies were implemented, all the Passenger aid Vehicles (PSV) were required to be registered under different Saccos. In January 2015, all the PSVs were required to register their vehicles and the route to operate. A minimum of twenty vehicles were allowed to register as a Sacco. Ironically, approximately bus owners did not like the idea of working in a Sacco. As a result, they withdrew their buses in town and operated other routes outside the town. Indeed, it was a good idea to join a Sacco as it was easy to manage the fleet in town, but owners had a contrary opinion. This brought about a perturbation in the industry, leaving a lot of passengers frustrated. Approximately 6000 people travel in and out of the city daily. With the few buses remaining, this is not proportion to the need. To meet this demand, the keep company intends to buy 20 new 40-seater buses.Very stiff competition will be expected fr om the already operating bus companies. The City Hopper conjunction is currently the leading company within the town offering transport services. Nevertheless, it is not the only company. Other companies areBest ways chopper - it bingle of the oldest companies that has been in operation and operate within the town only. It has a number of buses, but most of them have been grounded because of mismanagement and poor maintenance.City Hopper- it is the largest company that serves most parts of the city. It has installed bus terminus at strategic places within and outside the city. Nonetheless, there are a few buses owned by the company. On several(prenominal) occasions, they are opportunistic and escalate fares mainly at rush hours and on rainy season.Drivers, turn boys/ conductors, secretary, mechanics and accountant/cashier will be on the same level. They will all be answerable to the assistant handler. The entire management system will be supervised by the general manager assisted by his deputy. All the staff

Social Media in the USA Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Social Media in the USA - Coursework ExampleAccording to the study, the social media channels include website, magazine, television and radio. Through print newsletters, for example, the magazines, the company displays nurture and testimonies from his employees on how effective their services be to the clients. Besides it also runs adverts incorporation with other programs on television bulletin or within family programs to win the audience. many of the adverts are posted on their website where those who frequent the internet can find and look through their services in addition to commenting. The company has hotline number, website, facebook page, twitter handles, emails that are displayed on any good advertised under the companys name. They value any feedback irrespective of its negativity or positivity thus handles to the stovepipe interest of their customers. Besides, the company offers promotions of their goods as free samples to their customers. Social media used by the comp any enables it to promote its market locally and internationally furthermore in my scholarship is influenced by how fast realized its market beyond borders.

The decision regarding the equipment composition - Individual Essay

The decision regarding the equipment composition - Individual assignment - Essay ExampleIn 1976 the FASB issued SFAS No. 13, Accounting for Leases. This averment is considered a part of the generally accepting history principles. During the past 35 years after the creation of SFAS No. 13 the FASB has issued a total of sixsome statements, six interpretations, and 11 technical bulletins on needs. When working with accounting for employs there are devil different perspective or elements. The two elements are accounting for lessee and accounting for the lessor. The lessor is the original owner of the asset who rents its use to the lessee in change for a recurrent installment payment during the duration of the consume contract. There are two primary classifications of consumes which are capital and operating leases. One of the most important aspects for SFAS No. 13 is that it establishes the four criteria necessary to classify a lease as a capital instead of an operating lease. I f a lease overlooks to meet any of the four criteria established on SFAS No. 13 it fail to be classified as a capital lease. The difference between a capital lease and an operating lease is that a capital lease considers the property leased an asset in the accounting books of the company because at the end of the lease transfer of ownership occurs. The four criteria to classify a lease as a capital lease are1. The lease transfers ownership of the property to the lessee2.The lease contains a bargain purchase option3.The lease marge is equal to 75% or more of the economic life of the leased property 4. The present value of the lease payments equals or exceeds 90% of the fair foodstuff value of the leased property (Weygandt & Kimmel & Kieso, 2003). The two primary classifications of capital or operating lease mentioned are from the perspective of the lessee. Appendix No. 5, Determining Lessors Type of Lease FASB, shows the evaluation process that can be used by a lessor to classify a lease (Lee, 2003, pg. 12). From the lessors perspective a capital lease can be classified as a sales type lease, direct financing lease, or a leveraged lease. Each of the one-third types of lessor lease classifications can be defined differently. A sales type lease occurs when the fair value of the lease is different than its carrying amount and real res publica is involved and ownership of the property is transferred, or when real estate is not involved and lease meets all four criteria under SFAS No. 13 and two additional lease criteria which are listed below Collectibility of minimum lease payment is reasonably predictable No important uncertainties surround the amount of unreimbursable cost stock-still to be incurred by the lessor under the lease (Lee, 2003). The second lessor classification for a capital lease is direct financing lease. If the fair value and carrying amount of the lease are the same and the lease meets the two additional criteria mentioned in the definiti on of a sales type lease then the lease is classified as a direct financing lease. The third type of classification is the leveraged lease. In a leveraged lease a long term creditor intervenes to provide non recourse

Examining the life of Abraham Lincoln Research Paper

Examining the career of Abraham Lincoln - Research Paper ExampleTutor touch Date Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 The correctts of His Time 6 Slavery Issue 6 Election to the Presidential Position 7 The Civil War 9 Lincolnwas regardedas commander in chief andwas notedfor the energetic measures. Hewas also regardedas the odds at theconstitutionof phalanx commanders. Lincolnspreoccupancyat the judicature at the season of warwas regardedas the political vied.During the war, there is a strike for the deployment of a large number of me at war and alsoseveralquantities ofmaterialrelated to the administrative assistance.This led Lincoln toturntowards to the only presidencythat can be used i.e. the Republican Party. Lincoln during thewarperiod tried thoroughly that the Republican Party must consistentlyfavouredwith the other parties. The completemilitaryappointmentswerehighlydividedinto the Democrats and the Republicans. This led the Democrats to accuse Lincoln being a dictator be cause of his decisions of proscribed civil liberties. Lincoln during thisperiodhas suspended the commandof habeas corpus in some of the areas this led to the arrest of 13000 arbitrary.During thisperiodLincoln also tolerated several criticisms fromseveralpoliticians andpress, due to his decisions for the overzealous arrests, and this has led to show him his tendencies of not becoming thedictator. 9 At thetimeof Civil war, Lincoln appropriated powers no otherpreviousPresident has wielded. Lincoln used his war powers for proclaiming theblockade, spends the money without any congressional authorization, suspended the writ of habeas corpus, and even imprisoned the 18000 suspected Confederate without provided them anytrail. At the time of Civil War Abraham Lincoln faced unconnected politicians and pressure over the issue of slavery, but themovementtowards the black Americans was unalterable 9 As the president of United States of America, Lincoln has tomanageboth the military and politic al dimensions of the conflicts that arose at thetimeof civil war, and that has theleadershiprecordthat depends over theabilityfor coordinating with the two aspects of war efforts.Lincoln never lost the overcomefrom the revolution of the war due to its testimony for thegreatleadershipabilityof leading thenationtowards thevictoryand succeeding in preserving the union without destroying thedemocracythat certified his ever lasting place in the history of America.Success never came to himveryeasily. 10 At the time of hisearlypolitical career, the setbacks and defeats outweighed the achievements and victories. Throughout the time of Civil warperiod, hisbasiccharacterwas shonethrough his basic decency, good will, andremarkableself-confidenceencapsulated into his genuine humility,immunityto passions,hatredthe spawned war, spirit generosity, andextraordinarypatience. Even in the war darkest days, Lincoln never faltered into hiscommitmentfor preserving until the unionwas restored. The politi cal and personal qualities of Abraham Lincoln brought him tofacethe challenge of waging the civil war. After the Civil war, thelessonand experiences oflifemade the Lincoln rethink about theearlyteachings and even restored his faith in Bible and God. Specially, public and personal losses endured at the time of the presidency that leads him towards reassessing

Digging Deeper into Tony Kushners Angels of America Essay

Digging Deeper into Tony Kushners Angels of America - Essay ExampleAs the paper outlines, Kushner discusses the complexity of the ethereal identity element towards the closure of the 20th century and highlights how the emergence of HIV served to heighten the complexity. Moreover, the dramatist uses the play to criticize the Reagan era politics. An understanding of the playwrights identity is critical in order to analyze why he chose to address the issues that he brings out in the play. Kushner admits that he harbored gay instincts since he was six, but the occurrence that he was homosexual eventually sank in at the age of eleven. The cultural setting and the social safeguard surrounding homosexuality compelled him to keep his identity closeted (Nielsen 5). Therefore, the playwrights identity proves his familiarity with the issues that he brought out in the play. Moreover, HIV/AIDS was prevalent among gay people and was considered as a scourge for the gay only. Kushner undergo t he political conditions that defined Reagans regime. The conclusion of the millennium brought along new realities such as the emergence of a gay connection that existed in a closeted system, but later some members openly declared their sexual orientation before the public. The gay community faced rigid resistance from society for defying the societal norms outlined in the gender sexual roles. In his play, Kushner painted the picture of the experience of gay people. He introduces the reader into the realities surrounding a homosexually-oriented man. He certain his themes using a gay couple made up of Prior and Louis and a heterosexual couple made up of Harper and Joe Pitt. Other outstanding characters supporting the themes are Roy, a lawyer, and Belize, an influential nurse. In part one of his play, the author introduced the sad reality that Prior, Louis Lover, contracted the human immune deficiency virus (HIV). From the start of the play, the playwright bombards the reader with the reality of the HIV scourge from the experience of Prior. The victim faces devastation because of the status and also abandonment by his lover (Bloom and pursuit 7). The decision of Louis to abandon his lover is a typical reaction exhibited by many people after the realization that their partners had contracted the virus. In addition, the playwright desire to enlighten society on the inner battle faced by homosexuals. Apparently, the rigid construct of the society did not present an opening for the gay community to exercise the civil rights that they demanded. In Kushners play, he presents two characters that preferred keeping their gay identity closed in idolatry of the inherent resistance from society and the association of the homosexual orientation with the deadly virus that has just been described (Bloom and Hobby 10). Joe Pitt is a representative of the internal battle fought by individuals in their bid to analyze their sexual orientation and embrace it. Although married to Harper, Joe was living a lie because he had nurtured homosexual feelings for a long time. In fear of how society would perceive his identity, he opted to suppress such feelings and strived to express his heterosexual identity through his marriage to Harper. However, his encounter with Louis weeping over his lovers condition, Joe got an opportunity to express what he thought was his real sexual orientation.

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 4

Marketing - Essay ExampleJurlique has been considered as an example for defining these parameters. It is one of the leading skincare brands of the Australia presently. The organization currently sells a varied range of more than 560 products that include skin care products, perfumes, hair care oils, facials as well as baby creams among otherwises (Jurlique, 2013). Retail formatting The term, sell format refers to the integrated supply chain system which is used by organisations to distribute the products to the ultimate customers. In todays tumultuous business world, to gain the desired success, retailers check to be abreast of the latest retail trends to get it imbibed in their retail format. Recognizing this global change, as per the report published by Australian Centre for Retail Studies (ACRC), innovation and compliance with customer needs can be regarded as the key attributes or success factors with respect to retail format where store locations as well as its decor play a vital role in persuading customers towards purchase (Australian Centre for Retail Studies, 2007). ... Source Landini Associates (n.d.) In the current day scenario, market places are shaping as per global trend focusing on the profound changes in the modern retail sector. The locations of the retail stores thus become a vital parameter to attain the attention of the targeted consumers. Notably, when assessing the location strategies of Jurlique, it can be observed that the polices of the organization principally focuses on the types as well as size of the store, merchandising applications, merchandise mix as well as customer service providing methods among others (Jurlique, 2013). Effective segmentation of the product excessively helps to identify the target market needs and therefore avail the organisation with an opportunity to obtain greater customer loyalty (Mendes & Themido, 2004). In the context, the strategies applied by Jurlique when selecting its retail store locations ca n be identified to be focused on the traffic flow and accessibility of the outlets which helps to increase the awareness of the consumers regarding the brand as well as the products. To be specific, Jurlique has been operating its stores in various locations in Australia including the Bondi Beach and many other crowded, metropolitan cities of New South Wales, Glenside and many other shopping hubs in South Australia as well as Melverne East and Melbourne in Victoria among others (Jurlique, 2013). Assessing the economic conditions and geographic potentialities of these stores it can be observed that these areas have deciphered significant growth in terms of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (Ai Group Economics and Research Team, 2013). Not only customers, but such

Case4.0 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case4.0 - Essay ExampleThere is also the lack of social debt instrument from the stakeholders. The manufacturers, medical specialists, technicians fail to realize that they are dealing with human lives of other human beings.Radiation accidents are caused by factors categorized into three. First is Management. It is for the management to go steady that there is proper coordination between the oncologist and the machines technicians and make sure all rules are followed. The use of understaffed, unqualified and undertrained technicians leads to laxity in the job.Thirdly is technology. Improving technology brings or so more complex machines used in the radiation syndrome therapy. System and software updates lead to unpredictable system response hence ontogeny these cases.3. Do you encounter that any of the groups involved with this issue (hospital administrators, technicians, and medical equipment and software manufacturers) should accept the majority of the blame for these inciden ts? Why or why not?The hospital administrators, who are the formerly to lay down the policies. The technicians who need to vigilant and check the equipment and the settings to ensure that it is in line with the treatment plan prescribed by the oncologist. The medical equipment affects the results. Complex machines increase the system errors and software manufacturers need to design software thats easy to use.The agency should have the mandate of gathering data on all radiation related accidents from all the hospitals in the states. The data should include the cause of the accident, and what factors that led to that accident. The agency should set rules and guidelines on how these accidents are to be investigated. This will make to each one person responsible of their mistakes and enhance diligence from all players.In the design of the linear accelerator software, one key feature is the use of a undecomposable user interface that the technicians can easily navigate through. Second ly the use of

E business exam questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

E business exam questions - Essay ExampleThe social welfare of the businesses increase and they look to increase the welfare to the customers. there can be price discrimination with the use of the Internet as the customers are aware of the products. The business houses may look to decrease the price of the goods to delineate the customers. The e business model of Amazon is based on offering products at minusculeer costs. This helps in the increase of the social welfare. With the rise of the Internet, various opposite business opportunities are open for the entrepreneurs.Complementarities The model has described the services as the complementarities. The services of the e business model should be quick and precise. The basic concept is to provide the customers with valuable information that helps in the development of the business.Lock in The lock in period of the business houses is relatively low while using the e business model. The search for customers get quicker and the cost is less than that of the traditional process. Therefore, the lock in of the troupe is automatically reduced. The company may also adopt a model to produce what is demanded.Novelty In the e business model, there has been a rise in the renewing process with the rise of innovation. The business houses look to attract the customers with the use of innovative techniques. Amazon and Ebay offer discounts and gift vouchers, which encourage the customers to shop online. (Kirikova & Grundspenkis, 2002 Pp 378-379)Porters judge chain activities describes that a relation exists between the firms activities regarding the suppliers and the customers. The value chain activities of a firm can be described as followsWith the packaging of technology and the use of the Internet, the value chain of a company can be related easily. The effectiveness of a company has increased with the use of the Internet. either the components in the value chain have been benefited by the use of the Internet. The

The Disabled and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Disabled and Society - Essay ExampleFurthermore, people with disabilities atomic number 18 sometimes neglected by family members and friends and finally in instances where these people passk power, they are not given an ear and this demoralizes them.In order for some whizz to prove that they have a disability, they must be in a position to prove that they have that impairment. Secondly, they must show how it hinders them in performing day-to-day activities. Finally, the psyche must prove that this impairment brings lasting and womb-to-tomb effects on their capabilities to handle their daily routines. It is defined, under the act, that a long-term impairment is one which has at least lasted for 12 months. Furthermore, in case one has a long-term ill health disability, like HIV, they are supposed to prove using medical pieces of evidence.The perspective of the medical mode towards the disables is that the hardship undergone by disabled people is inborn and they should struggle to ensure that they improve in order to live in harmony with other people3. The problem with this model is that it tends to see disabled people as liabilities to others and people who in one way or the other washbowlnot do much without assistance.An obese person is a person who body has accumulated too many fats. Medically, a person with a more than 30 BMI is obese and in extreme cases a BMI of 40. According to the accost ruling, obesity is a disability to a certain degree4. It is important to understand that obesity is not a disability. This is because, some people, who are obese, are living a good life. They have been employed and are not undergoing any challenge as far as obesity is concerned. However, obesity becomes a disability when it has shortcomings that can hinder the person from doing certain things. Secondly, it becomes a disability when it facilitates the occurrence of other impairments like skeletal and respiratory issues. People suffering from obese related problems are considered to be disabled.

Relationship between technology and progress (or 2 other topics), Essay

Relationship between technology and progress (or 2 other topics), based on documents from book Thomas Edison and Modern America - Essay Example at that placefore it has become necessary to ask this age old question formerly again. What b bely is the affinity between technology and progress? Is the change that is brought about by technology always positive? Is it at some smear inevitable that once we accept the positive developments of technology we stand at the same time tolerate to accept its negative accompaniments? These are some of the questions that this paper shall seek to answer. There shall be a special focus on the book Thomas Edison and Modern America by Collins, Lisa and Gregory. There are three areas that I have identified in which the relationship between technology and progress is evident and straightforward. These areas are an improvement in the step of life, wealth creation, unemployment, the environment and transport and communication. I shall seek to discuss how technological inventions have brought about changes in the five named areas. This shall of course be done within the context of this book. Because it is obvious that the perspective to be gained here is mostly from Edisons day, I shall also include a few sentences to provide the modern context. This shall make up for an all rounded rationality of this relationship (Changing Times, p2). The first area to be looked at is the area of quality of life. This is also the most controversial area as far as the relationship between technology and progress is concerned. The reason that there is a controversy at the centre of this area is because there are varying views on what quality of life means. What constitutes an improvement in the quality of one person might be an unnecessary vexation to another (Not Just An Idea, p 28).. There are several inventions do during Edisons time that improved the quality of life of the nation then. The light medulla oblongata for instance comes to min d. Before Edison invented the light bulb, many people used other rudimentary forms of lighting like oil lamps. These were known for the chocking fumes they produced and also obviously because there were not bright enough. It cant also be ignored that oil came at a cost (Edisons Sparks of Interest noted in the New York Sun). The other lighting that was used in the day was gas lighting. It was however seen a dangerous. Edison used his skills to homes located in a square mile around Pearl Street, Manhattan. It is important at this point to however state that Edison did not invent the light bulb. The light had been scientifically and technologically available half a century earlier. He merely made it commercially available. He also built an electrical system around which it could operate (pg 60). There are many technologies in the present day that have affected the lives of people as some(prenominal) as the light bulb and the electrical system did the. The most important thing about th e light bulb is that it allowed people to have the access to lighting and energy in general. The electrical system on the other hand, was the basis for several other inventions. It provided inventors with a germ of light and energy from which other inventions were made (Notice from the Edison Company for Isolated Lighting, November 1885). Today, there is one technology that I can think of that has made as much impact. It is the computer. The computer by itself has been an amazing invention. We can use it for typing documents e.t.c. However, that is not where the main significance of the computer is to be found. The

Managerial Functions of Abu Dhabi Media Company Essay

Managerial Functions of Abu Dhabi Media Company - Essay ExampleThese roles define the overall roles of the companys executives in promoting the objectives of the organization through the established processes and care trading operations. As a result, the company is diversified with regard to service provision though its core business is media and entertainment. The functions of management of the company reflect its diversified nature in the sense that the managers of the firm play a wide range of duties in overseeing the vast operations of the company. For Abu Dhabi Media Corporation, the managerial roles of its executives describe the course of management that incorporates several business functions like marketing, finance and accounting. Therefore, roles provide constructive methods of categorizing data regarding management along with the most direct managerial processes of the corporation since its incorporation in June 2007. Every business organization has goals and objectives that control its existence and operation in the business sphere. Accordingly, each organization endeavors to strike some purposes that are predetermined and practiced through the entire course of its existence. In order for a company to succeed in its endeavors, its needs sight as employees through which the company performs its processes. However, since people need direction the aspect of leadership and management is of core importance. Managers of an organization represent the people who administer the deed of the organizations objectives. Managerial functions provide a template upon which the managers of the respective company base their decisions, actions and operations. The managerial roles of Abu Dhabi Media Corporation define the frontiers of operation and operations that govern the roles of the companys management. Abu Dhabi Media is a media corporation based in Abu Dhabi and owns a number of media houses in the UAE including TV stations, newsprints, Printing Pres and radio impart like Abu Dhabi Television, consecrated Quran Radio, Al Ittihad newspaper and Image Nation (Books LLC, 2010). The organization was incorporated in 2007 as a corporation fully owned by the government. The formula was enacted to lead to the growth of a multifaceted media firm in the Emirates. Among the objectives of forming the organization was to establish a cultural hub in the Middle East, as well as concentrate attention on Abu Dhabi as the commanding zone of the Emirates. Therefore, the crown prince of the Emirates founded five-member board of directors which comprised of chairman, deputy and three other members. The board was the supreme decision devising organ of the comprehensive corporation that is responsible for the expansion of the vision and objectives of the organization and provide leadership. The corporations first assignment was the formation of the initial newspaper in English in Abu Dhabi, in mid 2007. As the company expanded, it established a number o f TV stations along with radio channels that are under different management. Each subsidiary of the holding company is managed by an executive director under whom there are several managers who carry the decisions and vision of the company through their roles. Currently, the following functions of manager are incorporated in the normal functioning of the media company staffing, organizing, leading, controlling, planning and directing. The roles, which

Supply Chain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Supply Chain - Essay ExampleThe last part of the report analyzes how the utilization of e-commerce in communicate chains has enhanced the value and business operations for both the companies. Dell Computers Dell was incorporated in 1994 by Michael Dell eon he was a student at University of Texas, Austin. From its very first initiatives, institutionalize selling model was adopted. In the beginning PCs were sold everyplace the phone and they were customized according to customers specifications. Dells strategic choices and ways of realizing those choices have played an effective role in story Dells success. The supply chain management of the caller-up is the key element in its successful business model. The core element of the high societys business model is its direct sales model, referred as direct mode, with the build to order strategy. Business Model and Supply Chain The differentiated model of dell help it creates a niche in the distribution channel and eliminates the entir e mid channel members to arrive at cost leadership position in the industry. The basic rationale of Resource based view is that the competitive advantage for any particular organization completely dep break offs upon the resources which are available at any companys disposal. ... The above figure shows hot the direct model of Dell was different from the indirect distribution channel of the rest of industry. In its direct sale model, the go-between steps that add cost and time are eliminated, and the company is directly able to link with its customers. Dell directly sells to all its customers, regardless of a home-PC to globes largest corporations. The direct relationship with individual customer creates a great source of competitive advantage for Dell. This creates a valuable information about the end customers, and thus Dell knows who are the end users of their product, what they have purchased from the company, what are their future preferences, a fact that allows the company to stay closer to their customers by offering postscript products and services. Build in order and Integration with suppliers Thus, a computer is build after the customer places and order, then just-in-time production and lean manufacturing takes place. This means when an order is placed, its chassis details reaches the manufacturing department and the assembly begins, and once the PC is configured it is shipped by a 3PL to the corresponding customer. The choice of JIT and build to order has several advantages for the company. Firstly, the level of inventories stiff very low, leading to faster responses to demand changes and low inventory costs. For instance, if a new microprocessor comes into the market, the company can immediately place an order with its suppliers, as the company need not get rid of the excess inventory. Also, in case of Dell, customers pay in advance. That means the customer pay for the order prior to when the company pays its suppliers for the products, thus gi ving Dell the opportunity of operating on

Terror Threat Assessment in France Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Terror Threat Assessment in France - Essay ExampleHaving colonized Algeria in the 19th century the region later gained its independence in 1962 there remained a of import Algerian and Muslim population residing within Frances suburban ghettos (Crumley). During the beginning of the 1990s Islamic Terrorist organizations tapped into this Arab population roughly 5 million living in France and established connections between them and Osama Bin Laden in Afghanistan (Crumley). While the Islamic organizations are the overriding terrorist impulses within French society, there remains and a consistent threat from a multitude of groups that have been directly tied to Frances North African empire (Greenway 2009) . The most prominent of these terrorist organizations are the Armed Islamic Group (GIA). They are an Algerian terrorist group that has direct connections to Osama Bin Laden, having participated directly beside him in his anti-Jihad during the struggle against the Soviet Union. A fter the war ended they settled in France seeking to enact terror on the French authorities for their support of the Algerian government (Crumley). One of the major incidents regarding this terrorist organization occurred in 1995 when they planted a bomb in a prominent French location and were successful in kill 8 citizens and wounding an astonishing 150. Other incidents include a series of sporadic car bombings throughout the mid-1990s, and an attempted 1998 bombing at the soccer initiation Cup (Greenway 2009). When considering the extent to which these terrorist threats remain a common occurrence in France, one has to examine the extent to which the French government has enacted strict laws to prevent each such occurrence. After the mid-1990s attacks the French developed a sophisticated intelligence network designed to monitor future terrorist activity. Perhaps the most significant occurrence, however, was the French enactment of all-encompassing laws regarding terrorism and t hose connected to it.

What Is Your Field of Interest Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

What Is Your Field of Interest - Research Paper Example existence with students and communicating with them will help me understand the diverse opinions of students and even come my level of knowledge (Mlynarczyk & Babbitt, 2002). The ability to deal with each student separately has correspondingly enhanced my credibility to meet with the individual needs of the student and develop my ability to impart knowledge in a better way to the students (Mullamaa, 2010). traffic with mature students needs to be handled in an effective manner. Adult minds are quite complex and has a huge amount of diligence. The effective communication skills and my spare-time activity towards developing the linguistic abilities among masses are going to act as an added advantage for the development of individual skills of the students (Mullamaa, 2010). Furthermore, I have always been interested to develop my individual interest to meet with the diverse challenges of handling individual students. This credib ility has further enhanced my abilities to handle diverse situations and manage the individual needs of the adult students. Although imparting linguistic knowledge has always been a tough job, it has provided with an effective method to communicate with the greater and diversified section of the society. Moreover, as imparting linguistic knowledge has been a credible source to identify needs of students, it has even acted as an area of interest for me to communicate with larger community (Richards 2011 Byram, Gribkova, & Starkey, 2002).Motteram, G. (2013). Innovations in acquirement technologies for English language teaching. Retrieved from

In the Mood for Love Essay Example for Free

In the conceit for Love EssayThe quote by the author Drucker is a prime example of how non-verbal communication is most of the time to a greater extent(prenominal) significant than the actual answer itself. Body language is an essential component of e genuinelyday interaction amongst people. Based on simple hand gestures or a flicker of a grin, one can instantly change the phrase structure or structural meaning of a sentence. This change could turn a negative sentence into a positive issuecome. Through forbidden the history of cinema carcass language is a tool that is applied to every movie. Movies by their very nature started of as any elaborate ploy on body language. The tranquil film era relies on nonverbal communication that is accompanied by visual elements and implanting a specific score in order to suspend uncertainty that the audition is sitting an in a dark room watching various shades of light and color onto a screen. The movie In the Mood for Love directed b y Kar Wai Wong is a prime example of how the characterization and plot of a movie doesnt need to revolve around the social organization of dialogue in the midst of the protagonist and new(prenominal) characters in the movie.To start off I would like to say the cinematographer Christopher Doyle and Pin Bing Lee did a great job in faceing a somewhat stale plot line into a visual masterpiece. There are many examples, of how the cinematography of this movie enables the audience to visualize the budding of a love that happened out of pain, spite, and loneliness. I would like to analyze the cinematography of a scene in order to bring more clarity to how body language is more important. The first scene I would like to examine is in the first act of the movie. Keep in top dog during this scene thither is no dialogue just a medicineal score.The faces of the two slutes remain obscured throughout the scene. Fade from black no picture in your minds eye the wife Su Li-Zhen is in her apart ment with her husband while everyone is playing Mahjong. She takes the chair behind her husband and sits there. When she leaves for a legal brief instance to let other woman by which is the wife of Mr. chow chow. chow chow then proceeds to take his queue and exit the room looking troubled and deep in vox populi walks by and slightly grazes Mrs. Li-Zhen. Li-Zhen then goes to sit down next to her husband and puts her arm on his shoulder.This scene is jam-packed full of visual elements that make this scene very compelling and drives the movie forward with such palpable tension. First, the wife of Mr. Chow is dressed in a vibrant red dress that really pops out from all the dull whites and browns that are present in on the screen. This vibrancy of color and by the nature of all the skin that is revealed above her neck alludes to a characterization that is more intimate, more desirable in comparison to Mrs. Li-Zhen. She is wearing a dull white dressed that is cut in a more traditional and plain way.By the nature of the fabric and patterns on the dress it looks like she is blending in more than standing out. This direct comparison is mingled with the mise en scene of the costuming foreshadows that the wife Mrs. Li-Zhen will become less desirable over time and this will present the problem of some kind of ch ingest. withal during this scene the very body language present mingled with the two women towards Mr. Li-Zhen is very different. The wife of this man is sitting behind her husband she seems reluctant in showing her affections towards him.She doesnt really act like they are together she only looks over his shoulder. The camera movement at this scene is very important when the wife walks into the room the camera pans out back to the doorway. Then, The adulteress wife walks from off the screen through the doorway. At this point the camera pans in. The woman in red then proceeds to walk in between the married couple sitting down, and drapes her arms across Mr. Chows back. Mrs. Li-Zhen gets up puts on an insincere smile and backs against the wall. The woman in red seems to push the faithful wife away.This scene is a metaphor down to a tee of what is happening to the Li-Zhen and Chows kinship. The initial outmatch between the first married couple shows that there is some discontent or rift between them. This body language is very problematic and its possible to see that they arent not entirely happy with each other. Its not until she has her back against a wall and sees the discontent on Mr. Chows face do you really see the wife really warm up to her husband. The camera movement during this scene further supports my points on the relationship between the two couples.When the camera pans out it is signifying that even though Mrs. Li-Zhen is getting closer in reality she is quite distant from her husband. This distance is growing and unsurmountable to reverse in this instance. This distance created by turning the shot from a medium, sho t to a wide angle. Which sets up the next camera movement where Mrs. Chow comes from off the screen and the camera moves in and follows her as she makes her way towards MR. Li-Zhen. This shows that the there is a shift of desire going from the faithful wife to the new fling.This sexual shift is subtle unless very evident once the adulteress pushes the faithful wife. The score during this scene is also very prominent during the entire movie. It is present every time we she a slight shift of the relationship status between the two couples. At first the music indicates that the physical, mental, and sexual attraction between the original couple is shifts towards a more negative outcome. During this scene the music is indicating that the once happy couples are now beginning to shift towards separation.The music cues as Mrs. Li-Zhen walks into the shot from off the screen. The tone and tempo of this piece directly correlates to the overall plot line of the film, and is key to this scene as well. The tone of the piece is a somber one very little percussion is used in the score. There is a very prominent violin that is playing over other various string alongs. The tempo of this particular piece starts with slow staccato or plucky strings they start slow and there is able time between the notes to hears brief instance of silent.Then piece revs up to have a very mellow violin playing on top. The use of the tone in the piece reflects on the mood of the entire film and distress of the two that are faithful initially. The tempo of this piece shows that at first everything stress there is some kind of hidden element going on and then it quickens. The heartbreak comes, and now they have to live with it. As the movie progresses however the music becomes an indicator that new found couple having difficultly letting go, but they are making progress towards becoming whole again.When talking about this scene in particular the use of this music directly correlates to the action of what is going on in the scene. At the beginning of the piece the wife is walking into the room. This plucky string part signifies that there will be tension going on between Mrs. Li-Zhen and her husband. The violin is cued in as the camera movement stops and the adulteress wife walks onto the screen. The music is indicating that this woman spells trouble and she is bringing to the movie. Also, as the violin is playing the husband walks out of the room right after a brief pause between the violins solo.You hear a few plucks and silence of the violin at this instance. The silence of the violin signifies that he is not a problem but instead also in trouble from what is happening around him. He exits and the film cuts to the Li-Zhens being more affectionate, yet the sad music is still playing. This foreshadows that no matter what the relationship between these two couples is doomed even though the wife either remains ignorant or refuses to let go. At, which we find out later in the movie she tries to resist letting go the man she married because she cares so deeply for him.For example the original faithful protagonists are eating at a restaurant and both are trying to emulate the others old significant other. This movie very eloquently uses subtle metaphor through body language. The visual elements and the musical score help to strengthen the lack of dialogue in order to tell this story in a more compelling way. Body language is a necessary tool to understand in order to have a more in depth understanding of the characterization of the actors in well done films. Without strong body language is possible to sends confusing signals to everyone around you whether it be in the movies or in real life.

Surveillance and the State Essay Example for Free

Surveillance and the State EssayIntroductionThe UK is progressively sleep walking into a inspection society1 to the extent that it has become an inescapable part of life.2 Every time we make a telephone call, send an email, browse the internet, or even walk defeat our local high street, our actions may be monitored and recorded.3 The increasing prevalence of direction has perhaps led to the declare beingness viewed by its citizens as the Big fellow of Or surfaceian fame. This essay intends to focus on the impact of goernment surveillance and selective randomness line of battle has upon the c all overt of citizens and, as a consequence, their relationship with the state. To effectively arrange this inquiry there needinesss to be an examination of the various(a) forms of surveillance and data collection and whether they are constitutionally proper or improper, intrusive or legal, and whether there should be limitations to the quantity of information collated.The ad vancement of technology in the 21st century has enhanced the quantity and integrity of surveillance information which begs the question are we as a nation too stupid to bring in how intrusive the UKs surveillance regime is? Is a citizens liberty and privateness at stake with the effects of surveillance from some(prenominal) prevalent and private sector? Furthermore is the legislation governing this issue sufficient in its application program? All these matters will be addressed. in time, as there are so m both forms of surveillance, there will be a special emphasis on mass surveillance and the use of CCTV and databases. The need for a giganticspread belief in the importance of individual freedom and executive accountability is undoubtedly a prerequisite to the success of a constitutional democracy.Understanding Surveillance and its Components.The term surveillance post be briefly defined as watching over which indicates monitoring the behaviour of persons, objects, or system s.4 There are twain broad types of surveillance, mass surveillance and targeted surveillance. Mass Surveillance is non targeted on any particular individual and gathers information for future use, further, it has the potential to erode privacy. Whereas targeted is directed at particular individuals. It squeeze out be carried out under a covert or overt means If it is carried out under a covert operation, it is of import to note, that the citizen is unaware of the use of targeted surveillance, so therefore the relationship with the state is unaffected by the use of this type. except if in the event where there was un honorful targeted surveillance and the individual was to become aware, the consequences can be injusticeal to the relationship between the citizen and the state. It is important to note that alongside the state there are non state agencies and organizations which also occupy an increasingly significant component of surveillance systems to solar day. The case of Patt on v Poole Borough council where, completely after the surveillance had been completed by the council on a family, were they made aware of this. The council believed they were acting in accordance with RIPA, and that it was necessary for the prevention and detection of iniquity and it was proportionate for determining the genuineness of information supplied by Ms Patton.5 The tribunal in this instance found the council was in breach of RIPA and did not act in accordance with Article 8. In coming to this conclusion the court had to determine the issue of whether the actions carried out by the council was necessary for the prevention or detection of hatred and was it proportionate to what sought to be gived. The legislation governing Surveillance and the protection of citizens is outlined in the Data Protection guess 1998, Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000, the Freedom of Information Act 2000 and the 1995 European Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC. The Data Protection Act governs the protection of personal data however this act does not mention privacy of the individual.PrivacyThe need for privacy is fundamental in a high surveillance society much(prenominal) as the UK. Privacy Internationals survey in 2007 which covered 47 countries indicated there had been in an ontogenesis in surveillance in the past year to the detriment of privacy safeguards. 8 of these 47 countries were rated as being endemic surveillance societies which included the UK.6 The need to protect and facilitate the development of privacy of the citizen in launch to maintain healthy functioning of society is a necessity with the advancement of technology. Privacy is recognised as a fundamental right by various legal official documents,7 although Article 8(2) of the European assembly on Human Rights provides limitations.8 However in English law it is a known fact that there is no right to privacy, it has been suggested that privacy is of such importance to humanity that in th e past it needed little formal protection.9 The high profile case of Kaye v Robertson10 illustrated the need for the right to privacy in the UK, where photographs of Gorden Kaye were published as he lay suffering from injuries in a car crash.GovernmentsThe governments evidence does not itself explain how the collection of information helps in the pursuit of their objectives, or whether existing bear on practices are proportionate to those objectives.11 The need for this may result in a conflict between the interests of the citizen and the aims of the state. Concerns were also raised about whether government agencies and other public bodies understood how the principles of necessity and proportionality operate in the context of privacy and limitations set out in article 8(2). In order to justify a an interference with article 8s stipulations, the state must(prenominal) be able to show that it is acting lawfully and for a legitimate aim and the interference is both necessary and pro portionate 12 (Hugh Tomlinson p 440)CCTV and how it relates to citizensA Home mooring Study concluded that the CCTV schemes that have been assessed had little overall effect on crime levels.13 Critics further argue that mass intrusion into peoples movements may not be proportionate and a breach of their rights to privacy under the Human Rights Act.14 On the roads, camera based restrictions of speed has increased from 300,000 in 1996 to over 2 trillion in 2004 where an estimated 113 million in fines have been generated per annum.15 These statistics have not been welcomed by citizens and have received negative press on the issue. However the overall increase in CCTV on the roads has no doubt contributed to a reduction in deaths and injuries. The state acknowledges how CCTV is valuable in preventing and detecting crime and the overall refuge of society.Citizens can be reassured that they can go about their daily business with confidence, it gives members of the business community ad ded security and sends a clear message to those tenanted in crime or anti social behaviour that they will be caught and will be prosecuted.16 Further councillor cob Harding acknowledges how CCTV is popular with law abiding members who see it as a preventative and feel much safer 17 agreeing with many members of society who believe, if you have nothing to fear if you have nothing to hide. However the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) recognised the contribution of CCTV images is not recorded in a systematic manner.18 For example, the increased use of Automatic Number case Recognition, where cameras can read number plates and then check them against legal philosophy databases to see if the cars are wanted for any reason, such as road tax, insurance and MOT. However this is not the provided purpose of these cameras, all road users journeys are stored on a PSNI database for a minimum of two years no matter of the innocence of the subjects.There are about 10 billion innoc ent people movements stored on the UK database to date. 15 million innocent peoples inside information are logged and stored everyday.19 The use of sophisticated data mining software such as Northgate BOF 2.3, Advanced Data Miner is used by all police forces in the UK, which allows every journey a person makes to be tracked, traced, mapped and spied upon for the previous two years. Furthermore this is done without individuals consent. Furthermore to date, there has been no parliamentary public debate nor legislation passed regulating its use. The system has no safeguards or independent scrutiny in place. The view that there is not and never can be excuse for harvesting and storing data information from innocent law abiding citizens by a government without the explicit permission of the individual.On the other hand ANPR can be seen as an internationally recognised tool that can significantly reduce volume crime, provided the police use their ANPR system in a lawful, estimable and accountable manner for the purpose of preventing and detecting terrorism, serious crime, volume crime and road traffic offences.20 The question arises are the benefits of this outweighing the costs. Such technology enhances the notion that we are living in a surveillance society, others might argue that anything seen as aiding the police to catch murderers and combat crime is necessary.The information Commissioners Office, which advices organisations on the use of CCTV, says cameras must be reasonable and proportionate to maintain public trust and must not breach the Data Protection Act.21 The Data Protection Act 1998 states that it should be clear from the outset that the purpose of the CCTV recording is to be stipulated and any subsequent deviation from that purpose constitutes a breach of the legislation. This can be applied to any form of information collation where it should only be used for the purpose it was originally intended.DatabasesThere is a need to gather and access pe rsonal information to support the delivery of personalised and better public services fight crime and protect security reduce the burden on business and the citizen, and trucking rig social exclusion through early intervention.22 This quotation reflects on the acceptable intention of surveillance and is perceived as an indispensable tool in the day to day operation of social systems. Whereas once it was fairly safe to assume that personal records kept for purposes such as health, policing, social insurance, banking and apparent motionr licensing would be stored in relatively watertight containers, the computerization of these records means that they are readily amenable to different forms of integration. Given the immense value placed on personal data, both for commercial exploitation and for risk management, huge pressure is placed on these containers to yield their secrets in shareable ways..23 Surveillance in this context means focused tending to personal details aimed at exer ting an influence over or managing the objects of data or data subjects as they are sometimes called.24 It can be considered an aiding instrument to organise. Under the Data Protection Act, bodies that are collecting and collating data, be it health records, revenue information or even a school recording educatee information, are legally required to pay an annual fee of 35 to register with the Information Commissioner that they are collecting and storing such information. There is a two tier structure based on the organisations size and turnover, demonstration fees of 500 applies to data controllers with a turnover of over 25.9 million or employs over 250 members of staff.25 What is of concern is who monitors how this information is being used and how secure it is, or to put it another way, who watches the watchers? These questions concern the accountability of data collection. It is only when there is a breach of security that there is awareness that not all bodies are compliant with the Commissioners requirements.These breaches tend to become of real public concern when they come to the attention of the media, affecting public relations with the governing bodies to the level of mistrust. For instance in December 2007, it was revealed that a computer hard drive with the details of 3,000,000 UK learner drivers had gone missing in the USA and that the details of 7,500 vehicles and their owner had been lost by the Driver and Vehicle Agency in northerly Ireland. Also in DATE the junior officers of HMRC lost personal details of all families in the UK with a child under 16.The corroborative of data collection this is in the combating of fraud. This can be considered as a law enforcement activity which uses data collection. Statistics have indicated that the use of this form of surveillance to combat fraud can be considered proportionate to combating its aims as success in respect of NHS savings of 189 million in 2005, the National fraud Initiative savings of 111 million in 2005-06, and 10 million saved in respect of cheque and plastic card fraud.26 Where revenue databases are concerned it is not unreasonable to assume that every individual is treated as a suspect. Innocent people are investigated. Here the question arises again, is the invasion of an individuals privacy necessary in order to prevent fraudulent claims?ConclusionIn conclusion, the advances in technology in this field have permeated our society resulting in the citizen subconsciously accepting surveillance as part of every day life. Surveillance data can be very powerful and can enable consumers to perform a wide range of functions, which can be perceived as part of the issue how wide should that use deviate from the initial intention before it can be deemed explorative and ultimately exploitive. Among these functions include assessing banking information, health records, constructing consumer profiles in the name of facilitating efficient services, the topical issue of mobil e phone calls, and sending and receiving electronic mail.27 It is important to realise that these same advantages can be considered a threat to certain aspects of society through misuse and mismanagement.There are two sides to this argument of proportionality. And no determinate all-embracing solution.Perhaps we are due a sequel of George Orwells publication, possibly titled 2084. One wonders what premonitions would he postulate if he were here today.The invention of CCTV was viewed as a tool to reduce the amount of crime. To date there is very little substantive research evidence to support this.28 Perhaps if the state were to provide more community policing on the streets of the UK this may be more productive. Further, a review carried out by the Home Office that looked at street lighting found a significant reduction in the levels of crime to the order of 20%.29The results from a YouGov Poll30 have indicated that 79% of people believe that Britain is increasingly being describe d as a surveillance society. And a further 66% do not trust governments of whatever political party to carry on information on databases confidential. Although 97% agree to CCTV in banks and building societies and a further 85% In my opinion the state wishes to control us absolutely, and to achieve this, it must know absolutely everything about us, every minute of our day.Surveillance Web the rise of visual surveillance in an English city Bibliography edictTextbooksGoold B and Neyland D, New Directions in Surveillance and Privacy (2009 Willan Publishing.) Haggerty K and Samatas M, Surveillance and Democracy, (2010 Routledge.) Hier S and Green J, The Surveillance Studies Reader, (2007 Open University Press) Mattelart A, The Globalization of Surveillance, (2010 Polity Press.) Barendt, Privacy as a constitutional Right and Value, (1997 Oxford University Press)JournalsTaylor N, State Surveillance and the Right to Privacy Surveillance and Society 1(1)66-85. Lyon D, universal Surveilla nce, Personal Data and social classifications Information chat Society, (2002) Routledge. vol 5 issue 2,WebsitesPrivacy International Leading Surveillance Societies in the EU and the World Survey 2007 accessed 3December 2011.Nidirect Government Services, How is CCTV used in the Community, accessed 05 December 2011.http//www.bigbrotheriswatching.co.uk/http//www.ico.gov.uk/for_organisations/data_protection/notification/cost.aspx Information Commissioners Office website.Newspaper articlesR Ford, Beware Rise of Big Brother State, warns data Watchdog The Times,16 August 2004. Sunday Times, A Camera electronic network designed to catch criminals is being turned on innocent motorists reports David Leppard. 4/4/2010. Philip Johnson, Home Affairs Editor, Your Life in their Lens, 02 November 2006 The Telegraph. Q A Birmingham Terrorist Cameras, 17 June 2010.YouGov/ insouciant Telegraph, 28th- 30th November 2006.MiscellaneousSurveillance Citizens and the State meretriciousness 1 Report H ouse of Lords select committee on the Constitution 2nd Report of school term 2008-09.M Gill and A Spriggs Assessing the Impact of CCTV, London Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorie, 43, 60-61.Surveillance, Order and Social ControlEnd of Award Report to the economic and Social Research Council in respect of grant L210252023Clive NorrisDepartment of Social Policy, University of HullState Surveillance and the Right to PrivacyNick Taylor1Jane CliftRespondent and cast Borough CouncilYour life in their lens the telegraph1 R Ford, Beware Rise of Big Brother State, warns data Watchdog The Times,16 August 2004. 2 Surveillance Citizens and the State Volume 1 Report House of Lords select committee on the Constitution 2nd Report of Session 2008-09 para 1. 3 Ibid.4 Ibid para 185 Patton v Poole Borough Council (2010) IPT/09/01/C) para 8. 6 Privacy International Leading Surveillance Societies in the EU and the World Survey 2007 accessed 3December 2011. 7 See UN General Ass embly, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 10 December 1948, Council of Europe, European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and fundamental freedoms, 4 November 1950, Directive 95/46/EC on the Protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and the free movement of such data. Privacy regulations aimed at governing how personal information is processed were introduced in the 1970s and 1980s.8 European Convention on Human Rights, Article 8(2) There shall be no interference by public authority with the exercise of this right except suchas is in accordance with the law and is necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security, public safety or the economic well being of the country. 9 Barendt, Privacy as a constitutional Right and Value, (Oxford University Press 1997) p 7. 10 Kaye v Robertson 1991 FSR 62.11 Surveillance Citizens and the State Report, (n2) at 69. 12 Surveillance Citizens and the State Report, (n2) at 127. 13 M G ill and A Spriggs Assessing the Impact of CCTV, London Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorie, 43, 60-61. 14 Sunday Times, A Camera network designed to catch criminals is being turned on innocent motorists reports David Leppard. 4/4/2010. 15 Philip Johnson, Home Affairs Editor, Your Life in their Lens, 02 November 2006 The Telegraph. 16Nidirect Government Services, How is CCTV used in the Community, accessed 05 December 2011. 17 Councillor Hazel Harding, Leader of Lancashire County Council and chair of the Local Government Association Safer Communities Board. 18 Surveillance Citizens and the State (n2) at 7419 http//www.bigbrotheriswatching.co.uk/20 Police Service of Northern Ireland, Policy Directive PD 01/08 PSNI ANPR Systems, 17 December 2007. 21 http//www.bbc.co.uk/news/10341867 Q A Birmingham Terrorist Cameras, 17 June 2010. 22 Ibid at p 21.23 Surveillance studies Reader Get in short loan lib24 D Lyon, Everyday Surveillance, Personal Data and social clas sifications Information Communication Society, vol 5 issue 2, (2002) Routledge. P 1. 25 http//www.ico.gov.uk/for_organisations/data_protection/notification/cost.aspx Information Commissioners Office website. 26 Surveillance state and citizens report.27 S Hier and J Green, The Surveillance Studies Reader, Open University Press, (2007) pg. 77. 28 R Armitage, To CCTV or not to CCTV (2002) Nacro, Crime and Social Policy Section 29 Ibid.30 YouGov/ Daily Telegraph, 28th- 30th November 2006.